> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://london.worldiaday.org/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://london.worldiaday.org/community/duncan-stephen.md).

# Duncan Stephen

Lead Content Designer (structured content and information architecture) at The Scottish Government.

<div align="left"><figure><img src="/files/SvNgwO5VoxgDy81W1sLt" alt="" width="334"><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div>

### Talk at [London 2026](/events/london-2026.md)

#### The meaning of public services

Information architecture normally focuses on the objects that need to be represented in a system. Some human-centred practitioners focus instead on the tasks users need to do.&#x20;

These approaches are sometimes framed in opposition. But combining these techniques can make services and systems easier to use as well as more efficient to manage.&#x20;

This session will explore what a public service is, how it is structured, and how we can go beyond verbs to create more meaning.

### Biography

Duncan is a lead content designer, specialising in structured content and information architecture, at the Scottish Government.&#x20;

He has a background as a user experience consultant, with deep exposure to user research, user experience strategy, and service design projects across a wide variety of sectors.

### Connect

* Website: <https://duncanstephen.net/>
* LinkedIn: <https://www.linkedin.com/in/duncanstephen/>
* Bluesky: <https://bsky.app/profile/duncanstephen.net>


---

# Agent Instructions
This documentation is published with GitBook. GitBook is the documentation platform designed so that both humans and AI agents can read, navigate, and reason over technical content effectively. Learn more at gitbook.com.

## Querying This Documentation
If you need additional information that is not directly available in this page, you can query the documentation dynamically by asking a question.

Perform an HTTP GET request on the current page URL with the `ask` query parameter:

```
GET https://london.worldiaday.org/community/duncan-stephen.md?ask=<question>
```

The question should be specific, self-contained, and written in natural language.
The response will contain a direct answer to the question and relevant excerpts and sources from the documentation.

Use this mechanism when the answer is not explicitly present in the current page, you need clarification or additional context, or you want to retrieve related documentation sections.
